Vaughn, Doing Ethics — Chapter 8: Feminist Ethics and the Ethics of Care
On p. 168, (the paragraph beginning "Beyond the moral theorizing of Aquinas, Kant, Hobbes, and Mill..."), find the sentence beginning with the words: "Feminist ethics is not a moral theory so much as..."
Type the entire sentence verbatim here to identify the evidence:
What is feminist ethics, and why is it called "an alternative way of looking at" the moral life rather than a moral theory?
On p. 168, (the paragraph beginning "Those who see ethics from this perspective are reacting to some hard facts..."), find the sentence beginning with the words: "Those who see ethics from this perspective are reacting to..."
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What "hard facts" have motivated the development of feminist ethics, and how are they connected?
On p. 168, (the paragraph beginning "In the West, some ways of thinking and feeling have been regarded as characteristic of women..."), find the sentence beginning with the words: "Western moral theory is said to embody values that are "masculine,"..."
Type the entire sentence verbatim here to identify the evidence:
What is Alison Jaggar's criticism that Western moral theory embodies "masculine" values?
On p. 169, (the paragraph beginning "An emphasis on personal relationships. For the most part, traditional moral theories have been concerned..."), find the sentence beginning with the words: "An emphasis on personal relationships. For the most part, traditional moral theories have been concerned with..."
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How does feminist ethics differ from traditional theories in its emphasis on personal relationships?
On p. 169, (the paragraph beginning "Differing views on moral principles. Some feminist philosophers resist the temptation to map out moral actions..."), find the sentence beginning with the words: "Differing views on moral principles. Some feminist philosophers resist the temptation to..."
Type the entire sentence verbatim here to identify the evidence:
Why do some feminist philosophers regard principles like autonomy, justice, and utility as "too general and too unwieldy" for the domestic sphere?
On p. 170, (the paragraph beginning "Contrasting attitudes toward impartiality. Recall that the principle of impartiality is regarded..."), find the sentence beginning with the words: "Contrasting attitudes toward impartiality. Recall that the principle of impartiality is regarded as..."
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How do some feminists (most notably care ethicists) challenge the traditional principle of impartiality?
On p. 170, (the paragraph beginning "A higher regard for emotions. As we've seen, Kant has no place for emotions in his theory..."), find the sentence beginning with the words: "A higher regard for emotions. As we've seen, Kant has no place for..."
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How does the feminist view of emotions in ethics differ from Kant's, and why do feminists believe emotions are essential?
On p. 170, (the paragraph beginning "An emphasis on the nonideal. Feminist thinkers take issue with the tendency of traditional moral theories..."), find the sentence beginning with the words: "An emphasis on the nonideal. Feminist thinkers take issue with the tendency of traditional moral theories to..."
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What do feminist thinkers mean by criticizing traditional theories for focusing on "the ideal," and why do they value the "nonideal"?
On p. 170, (the paragraph beginning "The ethics of care is a good example of feminist ethics..."), find the sentence beginning with the words: "The ethics of care is a good example of feminist ethics. It is a perspective on moral issues that emphasizes..."
Type the entire sentence verbatim here to identify the evidence:
What is the ethics of care, and how does it contrast with traditional moral theories?
On p. 170, (the paragraph beginning "Much of the interest in the ethics of care was sparked by research done by the psychologist Carol Gilligan..."), find the sentence beginning with the words: "Much of the interest in the ethics of care was sparked by research done by..."
Type the entire sentence verbatim here to identify the evidence:
What did Carol Gilligan's research claim about how men and women reason morally, and how did she later modify it?
On p. 171, (the paragraph beginning "Here is the feminist philosopher Virginia Held explaining the need for care in the moral life..."), find the sentence beginning with the words: "[T]he central focus of the ethics of care is on..."
Type the entire sentence verbatim here to identify the evidence:
What does Virginia Held identify as the central focus of the ethics of care, and why do "independent, autonomous, rational individual" moralities overlook something essential?